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1. Research on antibacterial effects has shown that the main components in oregano oil that have antibacterial effects are phenols and terpenes. Phenolic substances can change the permeability of cell membranes by denaturing proteins in the cell membrane, or react with phospholipids in the cell membrane, disrupting protein synthesis and inhibiting the growth of microbial cells; Terpenoids can also affect the self replication process of DNA in bacteria, thereby inhibiting the reproduction and growth process of bacteria, and thus inhibiting bacterial growth. In addition, the synthetic precursors of carvacrol and thymol γ- Terpenes and ρ- Isopropyltoluene also has certain antimicrobial activity against pathogens.

2. Antioxidant effect: Oregano oil contains various compounds, with phenolic acids and terpenoids being the main oxidants. Phenolic acid compounds contain phenolic hydroxyl groups, which are antioxidant active groups. During the process of scavenging alkoxy radicals, these antioxidants mainly terminate the chain reaction by generating relatively stable phenoxy radicals through dehydrogenation reaction. The stability of the generated phenoxy radicals is closely related to their scavenging activity. Terpene compounds usually contain multiple isoprene skeletons, which are chemically active and prone to addition reactions. They have strong reducibility and can prevent the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes and mitochondria.

3. Enhance the immune function of the body. Origanum extract can promote the growth and development of immune organs, enhance the phagocytic ability of phagocytes, and thus enhance the body’s immune system. Research has shown that oregano oil can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria, promote the formation of normal microbial communities, increase the content of gastric contents, extend the retention time of nutrients in the digestive tract, promote the absorption and utilization of proteins and other substances, and provide sufficient nutrition for the development of the immune organs.

4. The anti-tumor effect of oregano extract, oregano oil, not only has antibacterial, antioxidant, and enhancing animal immunity effects, but also has anti-tumor effects. Human liver cancer cell line HepG2, human cervical cancer cell line JTC-26, and lung cancer cell line A549 were treated with different concentrations of oregano oil, which hindered the growth of tumor cells, indicating that oregano oil has in vitro anti-tumor activity.